نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان

2 دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک

3 دانشیار گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان

4 موسسه تحقیقات تهران

چکیده

تغییراقلیم پدیده پیچیده اتمسفری- اقیانوسی در مقیاس جهانی است. این پدیده توزیع نامناسب عوامل آب و هوایی، کاهش کیفیت منابع آب و خاک و در نهایت فرسایش و تخریب اراضی را به همراه دارد. این مطالعه با هدف پیش­بینی اثرات تغییر اقلیم در روند تخریب اراضی و توسعه کانون ریزگردی، در کانون ریزگرد جنوب شرق خوزستان انجام گرفت. لذا از مدلهای سه بعدی جفت شده اقیانوسی- اتمسفری AOGCM با نام HadCM3، برای شبیه سازی متغیرهای اقلیمی دما، باد، بارش و تبخیر وتعرق؛ تحت سناریوهای انتشار B2 و A2 استفاده گردید. به منظور ریزمقیاس­نمایی داده های اقلیمی روزانه، از مدل­ ریزمقیاس­نمایی SDSM و همچنین برای شبیه سازی روند تخریب اراضی، از مدل مدالوس اصلاح شده استفاده شد. نتایج بررسی سناریوهای مختلف تغییراقلیم نشان داد که میزان بارش در دوره آتی نسبت به دوره پایه تحت سناریوی A2 به میزان 4/6 درصد افزایش و تحت سناریوی B2 به میزان 8/4درصد افزایش می‌یابد. هر دو سناریو به طور مشترک روندی افزایشی را برای دمای منطقه برای هر دو دوره، پیش‌بینی کردند. اما شیب این افزایش تحت سناریوی  A2بیشتر از B2 بود. نتایج نشان داد که با توجه به تغییرات بارش و دما، مقدار تبخیر و تعرق در دوره آتی نسبت به دوره پایه تحت سناریوی A2 افزایشی معادل 3/14درصد و تحت سناریوی B2 نیز افزایشی معادل 1/9درصد خواهد داشت. بیشترین همبستگی مقادیر مدل‌سازی شده و مشاهده شده در پارامترهای بارش و دما (بین86 درصد تا 98درصد در تمامی مدل‌ها) بدست آمد. درنهایت تحقیق نشان داد در واحدهای اراضی کانون ریزگرد جنوب شرقی اهواز، به طور متوسط تخریب اراضی در دوره آتی نسبت به دوره پایه تحت سناریوی B2  افزایشی به میزان 63/2-6/1 درصد و تحت سناریوی A2 نیز به میزان 94/2-34/2 درصد خواهد داشت. بنابراین، میزان تخریب اراضی در این منطقه تاحدودی متاثر از تغییر سناریوهای تغییرات اقلیم است. لذا علیرغم تایید وجود پدیده تغییر اقلیم در کانون جنوب شرق اهواز، به نظر می رسد، عوامل دیگری نظیر عوامل مدیریتی و انسانی همچون توسعه تغییرات کاربری اراضی، تشدید فعالیت­های انسانی در منطقه مورد مطالعه نقش بارزتری نسبت به تقییرات اقلیمی ایفا کرده اند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Predicting the Land Degradation Changes in the Dust Center Under the Influence of Climate Change Phenomenon (Case study: Southeast Dust Center of Ahvaz)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Amin zoratipour 1
  • maryam baranpour 2
  • bijan khalili moghadam 3
  • reza bagheri 4

1 , Department of Nature Science, Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan, Iran

2 MSc. graduate, Department of Soil Science, Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan, Iran

3 Associate Professor, Department of Soil Science, Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan, Iran

4 Soil and Water Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran

چکیده [English]

The Climate Change is a complex atmospheric-oceanic phenomenon on a global scale. This phenomenon leads to improper distribution of climatic factors, reducing the quality of water and soil resources, and ultimately erosion and land degradation. The aim of this study was to predict the effects of climate change on land degradation and the development of dust in the dust center of southeastern Khuzestan. Therefore, one of the three-dimensional paired oceanic-atmospheric models of AOGCM called HadCM3, to simulate climatic variables of temperature, wind, precipitation and evaporation and transpiration; Used under diffusion scenarios B2 and A2. In order to downscalling daily climatic data, the SDSM model was used and also to simulate the land degradation process, the Modified MEDALUS model was used. The results of studying different climate change scenarios showed that the amount of precipitation in the next period compared to the base period under scenario A2 will increase by 6.4% and under scenario B2 will increase by 4.8%. Both scenarios jointly predicted an upward trend in regional temperature for both periods. But the slope of this increase under scenario A2 was greater than B2. The results showed that due to changes in precipitation and temperature, the amount of evapotranspiration in the next period compared to the base period under scenario A2 will increase by 14.3 % and under scenario B2 will increase by 9.1%. The highest correlation between the modeled and observed values was obtained in precipitation and temperature parameters (between 86% to 98% in all models). Finally, the research showed that in the land units of the southeastern dust center of Ahvaz, the average land degradation in the future period compared to the base period under scenario B2 will increase by 1.6-2.63% and under scenario A2 will also increase by 2.34-2.94. Therefore, the rate of land degradation in this region is partly affected by changing climate change scenarios. Therefore, despite the confirmation of the existence of climate change in the southeastern part of Ahvaz, it seems that other factors such as managerial and human factors such as land use change, intensification of human activities in the study area have played a more prominent role than climate change.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Climatic Models
  • Land Degradation
  • Modified MEDALUS
  • Dust Center
  • Ahvaz
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