تأثیر اندازه ذرات پرلیت و ترکیب آن با پیت‌ماس به‌عنوان بستر کشت بر عملکرد بنه زعفران (Crocus sativus L.) در سیستم کشت بدون خاک

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجو

2 استاد گروه علوم خاک

3 استادیار گروه زراعت

4 دانشیار گروه علوم خاک

چکیده

زعفران(Crocus sativus L.) یکی از گیاهان بومی و محصول استراتژیک در ایران است که افزایش عملکرد این محصول نیازمند استفاده از روش‌های مدرن به جای روش‌های سنتی می‌باشد. در این پژوهش، به منظور انتخاب بستر کشت مناسب برای تولید بنه زعفران در شرایط کشت بدون خاک، دو آزمایش گلخانه‌ای مجزا با استفاده از بستر‌های با اندازه‌های مختلف پرلیت و مخلوط پرلیت و پیت ماس انجام شد. تیمارهای آزمایش اول شامل پرلیت با انداره‌های خیلی ریز (کوچک‌تر از 5/0 میلی‌متر)، ریز (1 - 5/0 میلی‌متر )، متوسط (5/1 - 1 میلی‌متر)، درشت (2 - 5/1 میلی‌متر) و خیلی درشت (بزرگ‌تر از 2 میلی‌متر)، که به صورت 100 درصد حجمی و تیمار‌های آزمایش دوم شامل مخلوطی از 50 درصد پرلیت با هر یک از اندازه‌های ذکر شده به علاوه 50 درصد پیت ماس بودند. آزمایش‌ها در قالب طرح کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار طراحی شدند. نتایج نشان داد که تیمارهای اعمال شده تاثیر معنی‌داری بر پارامتر‌های گیاهی شامل طول گیاه، سطح برگ، وزن تر برگ، وزن خشک برگ، وزن تر بنه، وزن خشک بنه، قطر بنه دختری، تعداد بنه دختری، کلروفیل a، کلروفیل b، کلروفیل کل و کاروتنوئید دارند. براساس نتایج، بیشترین وزن بنه زعفران (89/17 گرم)، در بستر مخلوط متشکل از 50 درصد پرلیت (5/1-1) و 50 درصد پیت ماس به دست آمد. به طور کلی، می‌توان نتیجه‌گیری کرد وقتی هدف افزایش عملکرد زعفران از طریق تولید بنه‌های درشت در سیستم هیدروپونیک باشد، استفاده از بستر پرلیت با اندازه (5/1-1) و اختلاط آن با نسبت حجمی 50 :50 با پیت ماس به عنوان بستر کشت بهینه معرفی می‌گردد

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The effect of perlite particles size and its mixing with peat moss on corms yield of saffron (Crocus sativus L.) in soilless cultivation system

نویسندگان [English]

  • MINA FEYZIZADEH 1
  • Abas Samadi 2
  • amir rahimi 3
  • Farrokh asadzadeh 4
1 student
2 Professor of Soil Science Department
3 Assistant Professor of Agronomy Department
4 Associate Professor of Soil Science Department
چکیده [English]

Saffron (Crocus sativus L.) one of the native plants and strategic crops in Iran. Increasing the performance of this product requires the use of modern methods instead of traditional methods. In this study, two separate greenhouse experiments were carried out in order to choose the suitable growth media with different perlite particle size and its mixing ratio with peat moss on corms yield of saffron in soilless conditions. The first experimental treatments included particle sizes of perlite with very fine (less than 0.5 mm), fine (0.5-1 mm), medium perlite (1-1.5 mm), coarse (1.5-2 mm) and very coarse (more than 2 mm), which were 100% volumetric and second experimental treatments, including a with peat moss of 50% perlite with each of the measured measures plus 50% peat moss. The experiments were designed in a completely randomized design with three replications. The results showed that the applied treatments had a significant effect on plant parameters including leaf length, leaf area, fresh leaf weight, dry leaf weight, fresh corms weight, dry corms weight, diameter of daughter corms, and content of daughter corms, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll and carotenoids. Based on the results, the maximum weight of corms (17.89 g) was obtained in a mixed growth media containing of 50% perlite (1-1.5 mm) and 50% peat moss. In general, it can be concluded that when the goal is to increase the yield of saffron through the production of coarse corms in the hydroponic system, the use of mixture of medium sized perlite (1-1.5 mm) with peat moss (at 50:50 v/v peat moss to perlite ratio) is introduced as an optimal growth media.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • growth media
  • mixed growth media
  • particle size distribution
  • saffron

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 08 آبان 1400
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 19 دی 1400
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 24 دی 1400

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