اثر ورمی‌کمپوست و تنش رطوبتی بر میزان عناصر غذایی کم مصرف گیاه و خاک پس از برداشت ریحان سبز (Ocimum basilicum L.)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار گروه علوم خاک دانشگاه لرستان

2 گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه لرستان، شهر خرم اباد

3 دانشگاه لرستان، گروه علوم خاک، شهر خرم آباد

چکیده

خشکی یک از رایج­ترین تنش­های غیر زنده می­باشد. با کاربرد کودهای آلی از جمله ورمی کمپوست، اثرات منفی تنش­های آبی کاهش می­یابد. به همین علت آزمایشی با هدف بررسی اثر ورمی­کمپوست و  تنش رطوبتی بر میزان عناصر غذایی کم مصرف گیاه و خاک پس از برداشت ریحان، به­صورت فاکتوریل بر پایه طرح کاملا تصادفی با دو عامل و 3 تکرار در دانشکده کشاورزی لرستان انجام گرفت. عامل اول شامل ﭼﻬﺎر ﺳﻄﺢ ورمی­کمپوست ( 0، ۱۰، ۲۰ و ۳۰ گرم در کیلوگرم خاک) و عامل دوم شامل ﺳﻪ ﺳﻄﺢ رﻃﻮﺑﺘﯽ (ظرفیت مزرعه ، ۷۵ و ۵۵ درصد ظرفیت مزرعه) ﺑﻮد. نتایج نشان داد بیشترین وزن خشک اندام هوایی در سطح بدون تنش رطوبتی و کاربرد 30 گرم ورمی­کمپوست در کیلوگرم خاک (9/5 گرم در گلدان) مشاهده شد. بیشترین غلظت آهن اندام هوایی (29/65 میلی­گرم در کیلو­گرم) در بالاترین سطح تنش (55 درصد رطوبت مزرعه) و 30 گرم ورمی­کمپوست و بیشترین غلظت مس اندام هوایی (23/8 میلی­گرم در کیلو­گرم) در سطح تنش رطوبتی 75 درصد ظرفیت مزرعه و کاربرد 20 گرم ورمی­کمپوست وجود داشت. با افزایش تنش رطوبتی، غلظت روی و منگنز اندام هوایی گیاه نسبت به تیمار شاهد کاهش معنی­داری داشت. در سطح تنش رطوبتی 55 درصد ظرفیت مزرعه و کاربرد 30 گرم ورمی­کمپوست، بیشترین غلظت آهن (55/3 میلی­گرم در کیلو­گرم) و روی (70/2 میلی­گرم در کیلو­گرم) در خاک پس از برداشت مشاهده شد. همچنین با افزایش تنش رطوبتی میزان غلظت عناصر مس و منگنز در خاک پس از برداشت افزایش معنی­داری یافت. با توجه به اثر مثبت کاربرد ورمی­کمپوست در کاهش اثر سوء تنش آبی بر وزن خشک و غلظت عناصر غذایی ریحان، می­تواند کود مناسبی جهت افزایش عملکرد گیاه ریحان در شرایط تنش رطوبتی باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

The Effect of Vermicompost and Moisture Stress on Concentration of Micro Nutrients in the Plant and Soil after Harvesting Green Basil (Ocimum basilicum L.)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohamas Feizian 1
  • Maryam Mosapour 2
  • zohre bolhasani 3
1 assisstant professor of lorestan university
2 Department of Soil Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Lorestan,University, khoram abad
3 Lorestan University, Department of Soil Sciences, Khorramabad
چکیده [English]

Drought is one of the most frequent abiotic stresses. Organic fertilizers application such as vermicompost, reduced negative effects of water stresses. Therefore, an experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of vermicompost and moisture stress on the nutrients amount in plants and soil after harvesting, factorial based on a completely randomized design with two factors and 3 replications in Agricultural faculty of Lorestan. The first factor includes four vermicompost levels (0, 10, 20 and 30 g kg-1 soil) and the second factor includes three moisture levels (100, 75 and 55% of field capacity). The results showed that the highest shoot dry weight was observed in the surface without moisture stress and application of 30 g of vermicompost per kg of soil (5.9 g pot-1). The highest concentration of shoot Fe (65.29 mg kg-1) at the highest stress level (55% of field moisture) and 30 g of vermicompost and the highest concentration of shoot Cu (8.23 mg kg-1) At the level of water stress, there was 75% of the field capacity and application of 20 g of vermicompost. With increasing water stress, the concentration of Zn and Mn in the shoots of the plant was significantly reduced compared to the control treatment. At the level of water stress 55% of field capacity and application of 30 g of vermicompost, the highest concentration of Fe (3.55 mg kg-1) and Zn (2.70 mg kg-1) in soil after harvest was observed. Also, with increasing water stress, the concentration of Cu and Cu in the soil after harvest increased significantly. Considering the positive effect of vermicompost application in reducing the adverse effect of water stress on yield and nutrient concentration of basil, it can be a suitable fertilizer to increase the dry mater of basil plant in conditions of moisture stress.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Moisture stress
  • Micro elements
  • Basil
  • Organic Fertilizer
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