جذب آمونیوم از محلول‌‌های آبی بوسیله نانو ذرات اکسید آهن سنتز شده با عصاره اکالیپتوس گلوبلوس

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

2 استاد گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

3 استادیار گروه علوم خاک دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

4 استاد گروه شیمی، دانشکده علوم، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

چکیده

مصرف بی­رویه کودهای آمونیومی، موجب ورود این نوع از آلاینده به اکوسیسیتم آبی و غنی شدن منابع آب می­گردد. در این پژوهش، جذب آمونیوم از محلول­های آبی بوسیله نانو ذرات اکسید آهن سنتز شده به روش شیمی سبز با استفاده از عصاره برگ اکالیپتوس گلوبلوس (EL-Fe NPs) ، به عنوان روشی جدید، سازگار با محیط زیست و مقرون به صرفه، بررسی شد. خصوصیات نانو ذرات توسط میکروسکوپ الکترونی عبوری (TEM)، طیف سنج پراش پرتو ایکس (XRD) و طیف سنج تبدیل فوریه مادون قرمز (FT-IR) تعیین شد. اثر زمان تماس (0- 120 دقیقه)، pH (3- 11) و نمک KCl به عنوان محلول زمینه بر جذب آمونیوم مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. داده­های حاصل از جذب آمونیوم توسط مدل­های سینتیکی برازش داده شدند. در شرایط pH تعادلی 7/3 جذب آمونیوم توسط EL-Fe NPs بعد از گذشت 30 دقیقه به تعادل رسید. در این مدت زمان، از غلظت اولیه 10 میلی­گرم بر لیتر آمونیوم، حدود 86/11% درصد آن توسط 5/1 گرم بر لیتر از نانو ذرات جذب شد. طبق نتایج، حذف آمونیوم تحت تاثیر pH و قدرت یونی (KCl) قرار داشت. به طوریکه در 8/7= pH حداکثر میزان جذب آلاینده (9/76 %) اتفاق افتاد. همچنین، افزایش قدرت یونی منجر به کاهش جذب آمونیوم گردید. به صورتی­که، در قدرت یونی­های 0، 001/0، 01/0 و 1/0 مولار KCl، میزان جذب به ترتیب 9/76، 2/64، 2/28 و 5 درصد بود. سینتیک جذب آمونیوم از معادله شبه مرتبه دوم تبعیت کرد (998/0 = r2). با توجه به اثر افزایش قدرت یونی در کاهش میزان جذب و همچنین وابسته بودن جذب آمونیوم به pH، انتظار می­رود که واکنش بین آمونیوم و EL-Feb NPs به احتمال زیاد از طریق الکترواستاتیک باشد. طبق نتایج، به­نظر می­رسد جذب آمونیوم توسط  EL-Fe NPs تحت تاثیر شیمی محلول قرار دارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Ammonium adsorption by green synthesized iron oxide nanoparticles with Eucalyptus globulus extracts from aqueous solutions

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ehsan Khoshkalam 1
  • amir fotovat 2
  • Akram Halajnia 3
  • Hossein Eshghi 4
1 Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
2 Professor, Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Soil Science, Agricultural College, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
4 Professor, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
چکیده [English]

Improper use of ammonium fertilizer could cause this type of pollutant to enter the aquatic ecosystem and enriches water resources. In this research, ammonium adsorption by green synthesized iron oxide nanoparticles with Eucalyptus globulus (EL-Fe NPs) as innovative, inexpensive, and eco-friendly method, was investigated. Characterization of nanoparticles was determined by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-Ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The effect of time (0-120), pH (3-11), and KCl salt as ionic strengths on ammonium adsorption by EL-Fe NPS was investigated. Also, kinetics models were fitted with ammonium adsorption data. The results showed iron oxide nanoparticles encapsulated by polyphenols from Eucalyptus globulus extract and have an irregular nanoparticulate structure with a size range between 50-100 nanometers. Ammonium adsorption by EL-Fe NPS was equilibrated at pH≈3.7 after 30 min and 11/86% ammonium was removed from 10 mg/L of initial concentration. Based on the results, this reaction is affected by pH and ionic strength (KCl). By increasing pH, Ammonium removal increased and at pH=7.8 maximum amount of pollutant (76.9%) was removed. Moreover, ionic strength had a contrary effect on ammonium adsorption. In the ionic strengths 0, 0.001, 0.01, and 0.1 ammonium adsorption 76.9, 64.2, 28.2, and 5% was decreased, respectively. These results depict ammonium and potassium compete for adsorption sites of EL-Fe NPs. The pseudo-second-order kinetic model provided a good description for ammonium adsorption (r2=0.998). Considering the effect of increasing the ionic strength in reducing the absorption rate and also the dependence of ammonium absorption on pH, it is expected that the reaction between ammonium and EL-Feb NPs is most likely through electrostatics. In general, it seems that Ammonium adsorption by EL-Fe NPs is influenced by solution chemistry.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Ammonium adsorption
  • Eucalyptus globulus
  • Green synthesis
  • Iron oxide nanoparticles
  • Water pollution
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