بررسی اثر نوع بستر کشت بر برخی ویژگی‌های مورفولوژیکی و فیزیولوژیکی گیاه دارویی بابونه آلمانی(Matricaria chamomilla) تحت تنش شوری

مظهری, محبوبه

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

محبوبه مظهری

استادیار گروه خاکشناسی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد کرج

چکیده

در شرایطی که کشور ایران به شدت از لحاظ کمبود منابع آب شیرین رنج می‌‌برد و مسئله بحران منابع آب به صورت یک مسئله جدی مطرح است، توجه به منابع غیر متعارف آب یک ضرورت اجتناب ناپذیر می‌باشد که در این صورت بروز تنش‌‌های محیطی بخصوص شوری اهمیت پیدا می‌‌کند. شوری آب یکی از مهم‌ترین عوامل محدود کننده رشد گیاهان و شایع‌ترین تنش محیطی است که با آگاهی از شرایط مطلوب رشد گیاهان از قبیل بستر کشت بخصوص در کشت‌های گلخانه‌ای می‌توان اثر این تنش را کاهش داد. در این راستا به منظور بررسی امکان کاهش اثرات تنش شوری در بابونه آلمانی از طریق تلفیق دو بستر کشت کوکوپیت و پرلیت، پژوهشی به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی اجرا شد. در این آزمایش دو فاکتور تنش شوری (Sa) (0، 50، 100 و 150 میلی‌‌مولار) و درصد‌های مختلف بستر کشت (پرلیت100%، کوکوپیت25%+پرلیت75%، کوکوپیت50%+پرلیت50%، کوکوپیت75%+پرلیت25% و کوکوپیت100%) مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. صفات مورفولوژیکی و فیزیولوژیکی مورد بررسی شامل وزن تر و خشک ریشه و اندام هوایی، قطر ساقه، میزان کلروفیل a و bو کلروفیل کل بود. نتایج نشان داد تمامی صفات مورد بررسی تحت تنش شوری قرار گرفته و کاهش قابل توجهی نسبت به شاهد نشان دادند. بستر کشت حاوی 75% کوکوپیت و 25 % پرلیت موجب افزایش 11/22 درصدی وزن تر ریشه نسبت به بستر کشت حاوی 25 % کوکوپیت و 75 % پرلیت گردید. همچنین تیمار شاهد افزایش 08/96 درصدی وزن تر ریشه نسبت به وجود تنش شوری با غلظت 150 میلی مولار را داشت. در مورد میزان کلروفیل کل، نتایج نشان داد تیمار های Co₅₀Pe₅₀+Sa₀ و Co₇₅Pe₂₅+Sa₀ بیشترین (به ترتیب 93/3 و 01/4 میلی گرم در گرم بافت تازه) و تیمار های Co₀Pe₁₀₀+Sa₁₅₀، Co₂₅Pe₇₅+Sa₁₅₀، Co₅₀Pe₅₀+Sa₁₅₀ و Co₁₀₀Pe₀+Sa₁₅₀ کمترین (به ترتیب 01/2، 02/2، 06/2 و 19/2 میلی گرم در گرم بافت تازه) میزان را داشتند. بطورکلی می توان گفت گیاه بابونه آلمانی در بستر کشت حاوی کوکوپیت75%+پرلیت25% می‌تواند تنش‌های شدید شوری را تحمل کرده و رشد قابل قبولی داشته باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

مهندسی علوم خاک

عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigating the effect of Different Planting Substrates on the some of the morphological and physiological characteristics of the German chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla) under salt stress

نویسنده [English]

Mahboubeh Mazhari

Assistant Professor, Faculty of Agriculture, Islamic Azad University of Karaj

چکیده [English]

In the situation where Iran is severely suffering from the lack of freshwater resources and the water resources crisis is a serious issue, paying attention to non-conventional water sources is an unavoidable necessity, in which case environmental tensions will occur. Especially salinity becomes important. To investigate the effects of salinity stress in German chamomile with the use of different culture media, factorial research was carried out in the form of a completely randomized design with three replications. In this experiment, two factors of salinity stress (Sa) (0, 50, 100, and 150 mM) and different percentages of culture medium (perlite 100%, cocopit 25%+perlite 75%, cocopit 50%+perlite 50%, cocopit 75%+perlite 25%, and cocopit 100) %) was investigated. The investigated morphological and physiological traits included fresh and dry weight of root and shoot, stem diameter, amount of chlorophyll a and b and total chlorophyll. The results showed that all investigated traits were subjected to salinity stress and showed a significantly decrease compared to the control. The culture medium containing 75% cocopeat and 25% perlite increased the fresh weight of roots by 22.11% compared to the culture medium containing 25% cocopeat and 75% perlite. Also, the control treatment had a 96.08% increase in root fresh weight compared to salt stress with a concentration of 150 mM. Regarding the amount of total chlorophyll, the results showed that Co50Pe50+Sa0, and Co75Pe25+Sa0 treatments were the most (3.93 and 4.01 mg per gram of fresh tissue, respectively) and Co0Pe100+Sa150, Co25Pe75+Sa150, Co50Pe50+Sa150 treatments. Co100Pe0+Sa150 had the lowest (respectively 2.01, 2.02, 2.06, and 2.19 mg per gram of fresh tissue). In general, it can be said that the German chamomile plant in the culture medium containing 75% cocopeat + 25% perlite can withstand severe salt stress and have acceptable growth.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

culture medium
German chamomile
morphological and physiological characteristics
salinity stress

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تحقیقات کاربردی خاک

بررسی اثر نوع بستر کشت بر برخی ویژگی‌های مورفولوژیکی و فیزیولوژیکی گیاه دارویی بابونه آلمانی(Matricaria chamomilla) تحت تنش شوری

مراجع

مراجع

دوره 11، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 2
شهریور 1402
صفحه 129-140

بررسی اثر نوع بستر کشت بر برخی ویژگی‌های مورفولوژیکی و فیزیولوژیکی گیاه دارویی بابونه آلمانی(Matricaria chamomilla) تحت تنش شوری

مراجع

مراجع

دوره 11، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 2شهریور 1402صفحه 129-140

دوره 11، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 2
شهریور 1402
صفحه 129-140