توزیع مکانی نیتروژن آلی خاک در بسترهای خشک‌شده دریاچه ارومیه

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران.

2 دانشگاه ارومیه

3 گروه مهندسی مرتع و آبخیزداری، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران

4 عضو هیات علمی گروه مهندسی علوم خاک دانشگاه ارومیه

چکیده

بحران خشکی دریاچه‌ ارومیه منجر به پیدایش بسترهای خشک‌شده و حساس به فرسایش بادی شده است. از این‌رو، ایجاد و تسریع در احیای طبیعی و مصنوعی پوشش گیاهی برای تثبیت کانون‌های ریزگرد بسترهای خشک‌شده دریاچه ارومیه ضروری می‌باشد. از این‌رو، پژوهش حاضر با هدف اندازه‌گیری و تهیه نقشه توزیع مکانی محتوای نیتروژن آلی کل بسترهای خشک‌شده‌ دریاچه‌‌ ارومیه به‌عنوان یکی از عناصر ضروری در احیای پوشش گیاهی بر مبنای نمونه‌برداری میدانی برنامه‌ریزی شد. برای انجام پژوهش حاضر، 192 نمونه خاک از تمام بسترهای دریاچه ارومیه در تابستان 1399 برداشت شد. سپس نتیروژن آلی کل به‌عنوان ویژگی‌ مهم خاک نمونه‌ها اندازه‌گیری شد. سپس با استفاده از روش کریجینگ معمولی مقادیر نتیروژن در مکان‌های بدون نمونه‌برداری از طریق مقادیر نقاط نمونه‌برداری‌شده میان‌یابی و نقشه آن‌تهیه شد. نتایج پژوهش حاضر نشان داد که حداقل، حداکثر و میانگین مقادیر نیتروژن آلی کل در بسترهای خشک‌شده دریاچه ارومیه به‌ترتیب 010/0، 297/0 و 143/0 درصد بود. غالب محتوای درصد نیتروژن کل حاشیه‌های دریاچه ارومیه کم (117/0 تا 153/0 درصد) و بسیار ناچیز بود که در قسمت‌های شمال، شمال غربی، غرب، شرق و به‌ویژه جنوب شرقی دریاچه ارومیه مشاهده شد. با این حال، بیش‌ترین مقدار درصد نیتروژن در بخش های محدودی از جنوب تا جنوب‌غربی دریاچه ارومیه و به میزان 189/0 الی 297/0درصد بود. بر اساس یافته‌های پژوهش حاضر، اجرای اقدامات مدیریتی و فنی در راستای بهبود محتوای نیتروژن بخش وسیعی از بسترهای خشک‌شده و اراضی بایر پیرامون دریاچه ارومیه برای دستیابی به احیای موفقیت‌آمیز پوشش گیاهی ضروری می‌باشد. هرچند، اندازه‌گیری و تهیه نقشه توزیع مکانی سایر مؤلفه‌های خاک نیز برای پژوهش‌های آتی پیشنهاد می‌شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Spatial Distribution of Soil Organic Nitrogen in the Dried-up Beds of Lake Urmia

نویسندگان [English]

  • saman Jalalzadeh 1
  • MirHassan Rasouli-Sadaghiani 2
  • Hossein Kheirfam 3
  • Habib Khodaverdiloo 2
  • Farrokh Asadzadeh 4
1 Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
2 Dept of Soil Sci. Urmia Uni
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Range and Watershed Engeneering, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
4 Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
چکیده [English]

The drought crisis of Urmia Lake has led to the emergence of dried-up and wind-erosion-prone beds. Therefore, it is necessary to create and accelerate the natural and artificial revitalization of vegetation to stabilize the dried-up beds of Urmia Lake. Hence, this study was planned to measure and prepare the spatial distribution map of the organic nitrogen content of the dried-up beds of Urmia Lake based on field sampling as one of the essential nutrients for the revitalization of vegetation. To this end, 192 soil samples were taken from all dried-up beds of Urmia Lake during the Summer of 2020. We then measured the organic nitrogen content of the soil samples. Then, using the ordinary Kriging method, the content of nitrogen in non-sampled beds was estimated through the values of sampled points, and its spatial variability map was prepared. The minimum, maximum, and average nitrogen content in the dried-up beds of Urmia Lake was 0.010, 0.297, and 0.143%, respectively. The nitrogen content was low (0.117 to 0.153%), and very insignificant in most of the dried-up beds and margins of Lake Urmia, which was observed in the north, northwest, west, east and especially southeast parts of the lake. Whereas, the highest nitrogen percentage was in limited parts from the south to the southwest of Lake Urmia and was 0.189 to 0.297. Based on the findings, the implementation of managerial and technical measures in order to improve the nitrogen content of a large part of the dried beds and barren lands around Lake Urmia is necessary to achieve a successful revitalization of vegetation. However, measuring and preparing the spatial distribution map of other soil components is also suggested for future research.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Geostatistics
  • Kriging
  • Land reclamation
  • New-born ecosystems
  • Soil properties

مراجع

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 31 مرداد 1401
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 14 شهریور 1401
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 14 آذر 1401

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