تاثیر غنی‌سازی کمپوست کاه گندم با اوره و استرپتومایسس بر فاکتورهای فیزیکوشیمیایی کمپوست

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 بیولوژی و بیوتکنولوژی خاک استادیار علوم خاک گرگان

2 گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک داشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان

3 دانشیار علوم خاک گرگان

4 گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان

5 گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان

چکیده

افزودن نیتروژن، اندازه ذرات و تیمار میکروبی از عوامل مهم در تولید کمپوست رسیده می‌باشند. لذا هدف از این پژوهش، بررسی برخی پارامترهای فیزیکی، شیمیایی و محتوای عناصر غذایی در کمپوست کاه گندم غنی شده با اوره و استرپتومایسس بود. آزمایش انکوباسیون در قالب طرح کامل تصادفی بر مبنای زمان به منظور بررسی اثر غنی‌سازی کمپوست با استرپتومایسس و اوره بر فراهمی عناصر کم مصرف، pH، EC، C/N، شاخص هوموسی شدن کمپوست (نسبت E4/E6)، دما، تغییرات رطوبت و وزن خاکستر با سه تیمار شامل: اندازه بقایای گندم (R0 (<1)، R1 (1-2) و R2 (2-4 سانتی‌متر))، سه سطح استرپتومایسس (S0 (0)، S1 (5/0) و S2 (5 درصد)) و سه سطح اوره (U0 (0)، U1 (05/8) و U2 (1/16 گرم بر کیلوگرم)) در سه تکرار طراحی و اجرا گردید. پارامترها در زمان‌های مختلف طی 90 روز انکوباسیون اندازه‌گیری شدند. افزایش سریع دما در تیمار کمپوست غنی شده با اوره و استرپتومایسس در بازه زمانی کوتاه‌تری نسبت به تیمار شاهد رخ داد. مقدار pH در تمامی تیمارها در طی 20 روز اول انکوباسیون روندی کاهشی داشته و سپس افزایش یافت. شاخص هوموسی شدن نیز در کمپوست‌های تیمارشده و شاهد پس از 90 روز انکوباسیون کاهش یافت. نسبت C:N در اثر فرآیند کمپوست شده به طور چشمگیری کاهش یافت. به طور کلی، غنی‌سازی کمپوست با اوره یا استرپتومایسس منجر به افزایش محتوای عناصر غذایی شد. هر چند که مقادیر عناصر غذایی در کمپوست تیمار شده با استرپتومایسس و اوره بیش‌تر از سایر تیمارها بود. نتایج ما نشان داد که کاربرد توام جدایه استرپتومایسس و اوره پتانسیل استفاده در فرآیند کمپوست و در نتیجه بهبود ویژگی‌های خاک را بهتر از کمپوست تیمار نشده، دارد. هر چند که برای اثبات این پتانسیل، استفاده از این تیمار درفرآیند کمپوست کردن در مقیاس بزرگ ضروری است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of Compost Enrichment with Urea and Streptomyces on Physicochemical Factors of Compost

نویسندگان [English]

  • Reza Ghorbani Nasrabadi 1
  • Elham Sadeghi 2
  • Seyed Alireza movahedi Naeini 3
  • Mojtaba Barani Motlagh 4
  • Mostafa Khoshhal 5
1 بیولوژی و بیوتکنولوژی خاک
2 Soil Science Dep. Gorgan University of agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources
3 Soil Science Dep. Gorgan University of agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources
4 Soil Science Dep. Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources
5 Horticultural Science Dep. Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources
چکیده [English]

Nitrogen addition, particle size, and microbial treatment are important factors in mature compost production. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate some physical and chemical parameters and nutrient content in wheat straw compost enriched with urea and Streptomyces. The incubation experiment was performed in a time-based, completely randomized design. To evaluate the effect of compost enrichment with Streptomyces and urea on available micronutrient elements, humification index of compost (E4/E6 ratio), pH, EC, C/N, temperature, Changes in moisture, and ash weight the following treatments (1) wheat residue size at three levels (R0 (<1), R1 (1-2) and R2 (2-4 cm)), (2) three levels of Streptomyces inoculation (S0 (0), S1 (0.5) and S2 (5%)), and (3) three levels of urea (U0 (0), U1 (8.05) and U2 (16.1 g kg-1)) with three replications were applied. The parameters were measured at different times during 90 days of incubation. A rapid increase in temperature in enriched compost with urea and Streptomyces treatment occurred in a shorter time than the control treatment. The pH value in all treatments decreased during the first 20 days of incubation and then increased. The C: N ratio significantly decreased due to the composting process. The humification index also reduced in the treated and control composts after 90 days of incubation. In general, the enrichment of compost with urea or Streptomyces showed increased nutrient values. However, the compost treated with Streptomyces and urea exhibited the highest values of nutrients compared to others. Our results showed that co-application of our isolate and urea can be used in composting process and improve soil properties better than non-treated compost. However, large-scale composting to prove the potentiality of the treatment in enhancement of compost quality is necessary.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Compost
  • C/N
  • E4/E6
  • Streptomyces
  • Urea
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