مقایسه عملکرد دو روش، رسوب میکروبی کربنات‌کلسیم و پلیمر پلی‌ونیل‌استات درکاهش فرسایش بادی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 فیزیک و حفاظت خاک

2 ایلام

3 دانشگاه شاهد

چکیده

یکی از مشکلات زیست­محیطی کشور افزایش میزان فرسایش بادی و گرد و غبار به ویژه در استان­های مرزی است که سالانه پیامدهای زیانبار زیادی در حوزه‌های اجتماعی، اقتصادی، فرهنگی و سلامت را در پی داشته است. مقابله با این پدیده‌ها نیازمند برنامه‌ریزی کوتاه مدت و دراز مدت است. روش‌های مختلفی برای کنترل این پدیده‌ها وجود دارد. در این پژوهش عملکرد دو روش زیستی (رسوب میکروبی کربنات کلسیم) و شیمیایی (کاربرد پلی ونیل استات) بررسی و با هم مقایسه شده است. نمونه­برداری از یکی از مناطق مولد گرد و غبار در استان ایلام (عمق 30-0 سانتی‌متری) انجام شد. برای روش رسوب میکروبی، از باکتری  Bacillus sphaericusدر دو سطح (وجود یا عدم وجود باکتری)، مقدار ماده مغذی (با دو سطح صفر و 5/0 مولار) و حجم محلول (123، 264 و 369 میلی‌لیتر) بصورت آزمایش فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با سه تکرار انجام شد. برای روش شیمیایی از پنج سطح از پلیمر پلی ونیل استات شامل شاهد، 1، 5/1، 2، و 5/2 درصد استفاده گردید. بعد از 28 روز ویژگی‌های هدر رفت خاک، مقاومت فشاری و پایداری خاکدانه اندازه‌گیری شدند. نتایج نشان داد که برای روش رسوب میکروبی، تیمار دوبار مه پاشی باکتری با 5/0 مولار مواد مغذی و حجم محلول 269 میلی‌لیتر (BS2 C1 WC2) و برای روش شیمیایی سطح 5/2 درصد به عنوان بهترین تیمار برای تثبیت سطح خاک انتخاب گردید. مقایسه این دو روش نشان داد که به طور میانگین، میزان افزایش مقاومت فشاری، پایداری خاکدانه و کاهش هدررفت خاک در روش شیمیایی بیشتر از روش زیستی بود. با این وجود برای انتخاب روش مناسب علاوه بر عملکرد فیزیکی مالچ باید مسایل زیست‌محیطی و اقتصادی را نیز در نظر گرفت.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation and comparison of the performance of two methods, Microbial Induced Calcium Carbonate Precipitation and polyvinyl acetate in reducing wind erosion

نویسندگان [English]

  • Davood Namdar 1
  • Masoud Bazgir 2
  • Seyed Abdollah Hashemi Babaheidari 3
1 دانشگاه شاهد
2 , Department of Water and Soil Engineering, Ilam University, Ilam, Iran
3 Department of Plant Protection, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Increased wind erosion and dust are the country's environmental issues, particularly in the border provinces. Every year, wind erosion and dust have several negative implications in the social, economic, cultural, and health. Dealing with these phenomena necessitates both short- and long-term planning. These phenomena can be controlled in a variety of ways. In this study, the performance of two biological (Microbial Induced Calcium Carbonate Precipitation) and chemical (polyvinyl acetate application) approaches was studied. Sampling was taken from one of the dust sources’ areas in Ilam province (0-30 cm depth). In this study, polymer polyvinyl acetate with five levels of zero (C0), 1 (C1), 1.5 (C2), 2 (C3), and 2.5 (C4), as chemical mulch and Bacillus sphaericus with three factors of bacterial strain (presence or absence of bacteria), nutrient content (with two levels of 0, 0.5 M) and volume of solution (123, 264 and 369 ml) as a factorial experiment in the form of the Completely Randomized Design with three repetitions have been used. The trays were placed in ambient conditions, and wind tunnel, penetration resistance, and aggregate stability tests were performed on all samples after 28 days. A double bacterial spray with 0.5 M of nutrients and a solution volume of 269 ml (BS2 C1 WC2) was shown the most efficient treatment for soil stabilization using the MICP approach. The best treatment for surface stabilization utilizing the chemical method was observed at 2.5 percent (C4). A comparison of these two methods showed that the rate of increase in penetration force, aggregate stability, and decrease in soil loss in the chemical method was higher than in the biological method. In a nutshell, the MICP approach is advised to manage dust storms in Ilam province.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Biological
  • Polyvinyl acetate
  • MICP
  • Soil stabilization
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