تعیین مجموعه حداقل داد‌ه‌ها برای ارزیابی کیفیت خاک در گندم زارهای منطقه پیرانشهر

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری مدیریت منابع خاک دانشگاه آزاد تبریز، ایران

2 گروه خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی و منایع طبیعی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد تبریز، تبریز، ایران

3 استادیار گروه علوم خاک، واحد تبریز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تبریز، ایران

4 عضو هیئت علمی دانشگاه ارومیه

5 گروه محیط زیست، واحد تبریز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تبریز ایران

چکیده

ارزیابی و تعیین مجموعه حداقل داده­ها جهت بررسی کیفیت خاک به لحاظ صرفه­جویی در هزینه و زمان بسیار با اهمیت و ارزشمند است. این تحقیق با اهداف اصلی ارزیابی شاخص کیفیت خاک­های تحت کشت متوالی و دراز مدت گندم توسط یک مدل معتبر (Integrated quality index)، تعیین مجموعه حداقل داده برای ارزیابی کیفیت خاک­های این منطقه و ارزیابی رابطه مابین شاخص کیفیت خاک و اجزای عملکردی گندم در اراضی کشاورزی منطقه پیرانشهر استان اذربایجان­غربی انجام گرفت. 18 ویژگی فیزیکی و شیمیایی و حاصلخیزی در خاک سطحی این اراضی که دارای سه رده خاک مالی سول، اینسپتی سول و ورتی سول می­باشد با بررسی و مطالعه 40 پروفیل اندازه­گیری شد. کل متغیرهای مؤثر بر کیفیت خاک(TDS)  تعیین و حداقل داده مؤثر (MDS) با استفاده از روش تجزیه مؤلفه های اصلی(PCA) مشخص شدند. شاخص کیفیت خاک با استفاده از تکنیک میان یابی، متناسب با رشد گیاه به پنج کلاس تقسیم بندی شد. بر اساس نتایج تجزیه به مولفه های اصلی، پنج ویژگی کربن آلی، رس، نسبت جذب سدیم، کربنات کلسیم معادل و سیلت دارای ارزش ویژه بزرگ‌تر از یک بوده و به­عنوان شاخص‌های MDS انتخاب شدند. بیش­ترین مقدار IQITDS و IQIMDS در خاک رده‌ی اینسپتی‌سول‌ها سپس بترتیب در رده مالی‌سول و ورتی‌سول‌ مشاهده شد. ارتباط معنی‌داری (p< 0.05) مابین اجزای عملکرد گندم (عملکرد دانه و بیولوژیک گندم) با مدل‌های IQITDS و IQIMDS یافته شد که نشان دهنده‌ی تآثیر مثبت و معنی‌دار شاخص کیفیت خاک بر اجزای عملکرد گندم بود. همچنین مدل IQITDS نسبت به مدل IQIMDS به علت ضریب اطمینان (R2) بیشتر از دقت بیشتری برای پیش‌بینی عملکرد اجزای گندم برخوردار بود. با این وجود به علت همبستگی مثبت و معنی دار مابین IQITDS و  IQIMDS(R2 = 0.9)، مدل IQIMDS مدل اقتصادی و بهتری برای ارزیابی کیفیت خاک های این منطقه است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Determination of Minimum Data Set to Evaluate Soil Quality in Piranshahr Region Wheat Fields

نویسندگان [English]

  • Fatemeh Kafei 1
  • Mohammad Reza Dalalian 2
  • elnaz sabbagh Tazeh 3
  • Salar Rezapour 4
  • O. Rafieyan 5
1 PH.D Student, Management of soil Resources, Tabriz Azad University, Iran
2 Department of Soil, Agriculture and Natural Resources Faculty, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran
3 Department of Soil Science, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran
4 Associate Prof. of Soil Science, Department of Soil Science, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
5 , Department of Environmental Sciences, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran
چکیده [English]

Evaluating and determining the minimum data set to evaluate soil quality is very important, valuable in terms of cost, and time save. The aims of this study were to assess the quality index of soils under successive, and long-term cultivation of wheat by a valid model (Integrated quality index= IQI), determine the minimum data set to evaluate the quality of soils in this region, and evaluate the relationship between soil quality index and wheat yield components. For these purposes, 18 physical, chemical, and fertility properties of the surface soil belonging to 40 soil profiles were determined in the croplands from Piranshahr region of West Azerbaijan province. The soils were classified in the three order of Mollisols, Inceptisols, and Vertisols. Total variables affecting soil quality (TDS) were determined, and minimum effective data (MDS) were estimated using principal component analysis (PCA). The soil quality index was divided into five classes according to the growth of the plant using the interpolation technique. Based on the results of PCA, five properties of organic carbon, clay, sodium adsorption ratio, calcium carbonate equivalent and silt had a specific value greater than one and were selected as MDS indicators. The highest values of IQITDS, and IQIMDS were observed in the Inceptisols, followed by Mollisols and Vertisols, respectively. A significant relationship (p <0.05) was found between wheat yield components (grain yield, and biological yield of wheat) with IQITDS and IQIMDS models, which showed a positive, and significant effect of soil quality index on wheat yield components. Moreover, the IQITDS model was more accurate than the IQIMDS model in predicting the performance of wheat components due to its higher R2. However, due to the positive, and significant correlation between IQITDS and IQIMDS (R2 =0.9(, the IQIMDS model is an economic and better model for evaluating the quality of soils in the region.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Soil Quality Index
  • Total Data Set
  • Minimum Data Set
  • Grain Yield
  • Biological Yield

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 20 آذر 1400
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 12 آذر 1401
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 16 آذر 1401

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