تأثیر اسید هیومیک و زئولیت‌های سدیمی و کلسیمی بر همدماهای جذب پتاسیم در یک خاک لومی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه، ایران

چکیده

این مطالعه با هدف بررسی تأثیر سطوح مختلف زئولیت (0، 1 و 2 درصد جرمی) با دو نوع کاتیون تبادلی (کلسیم و سدیم) و اسید هیومیک (0 و 5/0 درصد جرمی) بر همدماهای جذب پتاسیم در یک خاک­ لومی با استفاده از معادلات خطی ساده، فروندلیچ، لانگمویر و تمکین انجام شد. خاک­های تیمار شده با رطوبتی نزدیک ظرفیت زراعی و دمای 25 درجه سلسیوس به مدت دو ماه در انکوباتور قرار گرفتند. آزمایش همدماهای جذب با استفاده از محلول­هایی با دامنه غلظت اولیه پتاسیم بین 3 تا 30 میلی مولار و با نسبت 1:10 جامد به محلول انجام شد. کاربرد زئولیت­های سدیمی و کلسیمی، جذب پتاسیم را در خاک افزایش داد و میزان این افزایش در تیمارهای حاوی زئولیت سدیمی نسبت به زئولیت کلسیمی بیشتر بود. حضور اسید هیومیک موجب افزایش جذب پتاسیم شد که احتمالاً به دلیل افزایش مکان­های جذب در کمپلکس­های آلی- معدنی تشکیل شده بین اسید هیومیک و کانی­های رسی خاک می­باشد. بیشترین مقدار Kd (61/20 لیتر در کیلوگرم) برای خاک تیمار شده با 2 درصد زئولیت سدیمی + 5/0 درصد اسید هیومیک و کمترین مقدار (81/7 لیتر در کیلوگرم) برای تیمار 1 درصد زئولیت کلسیمی به دست آمد. پارامتر bT، گرمای تبادل در معادله تمکین، در محدوده 9/54 تا 5/71 (J mol-1) قرار داشت و کمترین مقدار مربوط به تیمار 2 درصد زئولیت سدیمی + 5/0 درصد اسید هیومیک و بیشترین مقدار مربوط به تیمار 1 درصد زئولیت کلسیمی بود. مقدار گرمای تبادل در تیمارهای حاوی اسید هیومیک نسبت به تیمارهای حاوی مقدار مشابه زئولیت و فاقد اسید هیومیک، کمتر بود که بیانگر افزایش سهولت جذب پتاسیم در حضور این ماده است. معادله فروندلیچ بهترین برازش را به همدماهای جذب نشان داد. بر اساس نتایج به دست آمده می­توان کاربرد همزمان زئولیت و اسید هیومیک را برای افزایش نگهداشت پتاسیم در خاک­های متوسط بافت، توصیه نمود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

The effect of Humic Acid and Na- and Ca-Zeolites on Potassium Adsorption Isotherms in a Loamy Soil

نویسندگان [English]

  • Shabnam Jalilian
  • Faranak Ranjbar
Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
چکیده [English]

This study aimed to investigate the effect of different levels of using zeolite (0, 1, and 2% by weight) with two types of exchangeable cations (calcium and sodium) and humic acid (0 and 0.5% by weight) on potassium adsorption isotherms in a loamy soil using simple linear, Freundlich, Langmuir, and Temkin equations. The amended soils were incubated for two months with a moisture level close to the field capacity, and a temperature of 25 °C. Potassium adsorption isotherm experiments were performed using isothermal solutions with initial concentrations of 3-30 mM at a solid:  solution ratio of 1:10. Potassium adsorption increased in the amended soils, especially in Na-zeolite treatments. The presence of humic acid increased the adsorption of potassium, which can be due to the increase of adsorption sites in the organo-mineral complexes formed between humic acid and clay minerals. The highest value (20.61 L kg-1) of linear adsorption coefficient (Kd) was obtained in the soil amended by 2% Na-zeolite + 0.5% humic acid, and the lowest value (7.81 L kg-1) was observed in 1% Ca-zeolite treatment. Parameter bT, the heat of exchange in the Temkin equation, was 54.9 to 71.5 (J mol-1). The lowest value corresponded to 2% Na-zeolite + 0.5% humic acid treatment, and the highest value was related to 1% Ca-zeolite treatment. The amount of heat of exchange in the treatments containing humic acid was lower than in the treatments containing the same amount of zeolite and without humic acid, which indicates the increased ease of potassium adsorption in the presence of this substance. The Freundlich equation showed the best fit for the data. Based on the obtained results, it is possible to recommend the simultaneous use of zeolite and humic acid to increase potassium retentionin medium-textured soils.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Cation exchange
  • Freundlich
  • Langmuir
  • Soil remediation
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