بررسی تأثیر تلقیح میکروبی بر حلالیت فسفر و برخی شاخص‌های رشدی گیاه ذرت (Zea mays L.)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران

2 گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران.

10.30466/asr.2026.56132.1883

چکیده

با توجه به اهمیت محصول ذرت و توان بالقوۀ میکروارگانیسم‌های بومی با کارایی بالا برای تولید مایۀ تلقیح و استفاده از منابع معدنی کم­محلول و نامحلول فسفات، مطالعه­ای با هدف بررسی تاثیر تلقیح میکروبی بر حلالیت فسفر و برخی ویژگی­های رشدی و تغذیه­ای ذرت انجام شد. این مطالعه در قالب طرح کاملا تصادفی با 6 تیمار شامل (کود شیمیایی فسفره از نوع سوپر فسفات تریپل برابر توصیه (به میزان 8/1 گرم برای هر گلدان)، کود زیستی برابر توصیه (بر اساس مقدار توصیه شده که مقدار بهینه بدست آمده بر اساس نرم‌افزار MINITAB به میزان 8/1 گرم برای هر گلدان)، کود زیستی 2 برابر توصیه، کود شیمیایی (50%) + کود زیستی، کود شیمیایی فسفره (25%)+ کود زیستی و شاهد (بدون کود) در 3 تکرار اجرا گردید. در پایان فصل رشد، شاخص‌های رشد، عملکرد گیاه و سایر صفات مورد نظر اندازه‌گیری شد. نتایج نشان داد بیش‌ترین ارتفاع اندام هوایی (9/130 سانتی‌متر) در تیمار کود زیستی دو برابر توصیه، بیش‌ترین میزان شاخص قطر ساقه (63/7 سانتی‌متر) در تیمار تلفیقی 50 درصد کود شیمیایی و کود زیستی و بیش‌ترین وزن خشک گیاه در تیمار کود زیستی برابر توصیه (7/4 گرم در گلدان) بود. همچنین اثر تیمارهای کودی بر میزان نیتروژن کل گیاه (p<0.05)، غلظت فسفر (p<0.001)، و نیز غلظت پتاسیم (p<0.01) معنی‌دار بود. بیشترین میزان جذب عنصر روی و منگنز در تیمار کود شیمیایی فسفره و کود زیستی برابر توصیه به ترتیب 75/2 و 2/2 برابر نسبت به تیمار شاهد بالاتر بود. اثر منابع کودی بر میزان تنفس پایه در سطح (p<0.001) و بر کربن زیست توده میکروبی در سطح (p<0.05) معنی‌دار بود. در بیشتر صفات مورد اندازه‌گیری اختلاف معنی‌داری مابین تیمارهای کودی شیمیایی فسفره و کود زیستی وجود نداشت. لذا می‌توان بیان داشت که کودهای میکروبی فسفره از قابلیت بالقوه‌ای در جهت افزایش شاخص‌های رشدی گیاهان برخوردارند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Studying the effect of microbial inoculation on phosphorus solubility and some growth indices of Maize (Zea mays L.) plants

نویسندگان [English]

  • Masoumeh Hosseini 1
  • Mohsen Barin 1
  • Jafar Sufian 2
1 Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Urmia, Urmia, Iran
2 Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran
چکیده [English]

Given the importance of corn as a crop and the potential of highly efficient indigenous microorganisms for producing inoculants and utilizing low-soluble and insoluble phosphate mineral resources, a study was conducted to investigate the effect of microbial inoculants on phosphorus solubility and selected growth and nutritional characteristics of corn. The study used a completely randomized design with six treatments: phosphorus chemical fertilizer of triple superphosphate type at the recommended rate (1.8 g per pot), biofertilizer at the recommended rate (1.8 g per pot, based on the optimal amount determined by MINITAB software), biofertilizer at twice the recommended rate, chemical fertilizer (50%) plus biofertilizer, chemical phosphorus fertilizer (25%) plus biofertilizer, and a control (no fertilizer), each with three replications. At the end of the growing season, growth indices, plant yield, and other desired traits were measured. The results showed that the highest shoot height (130.9 cm) occurred in the biofertilizer treatment at twice the recommended amount, the highest stem diameter index (7.63 cm) in the combined treatment of 50% chemical fertilizer and biofertilizer, and the highest plant dry weight (4.7 g per pot) in the biofertilizer treatment at the recommended rate. The effect of fertilizer treatments was significant for total nitrogen content (p<0.05), phosphorus concentration (p<0.001), and potassium concentration (p<0.01). The highest absorption rates of zinc and manganese in the phosphorus chemical fertilizer and biofertilizer at the recommended rate were 2.75 and 2.2 times higher than the control, respectively. The effect of fertilizer sources was significant forbasal respiration rate at the surface (p<0.001) and microbial biomass carbon at the surface (p<0.05). For most measured traits, there was no significant difference between the chemical phosphorus fertilizer treatments and the biological fertilizer. Therefore, microbial phosphorus fertilizers have the potential to increase plant growth indices.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Biofertilizer
  • Macronutrients
  • Microbial inoculation
  • Microorganisms
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