نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار گروه خاکشناسی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه شهرکرد

2 استاد گروه خاکشناسی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه شهرکرد

3 عضو هیات علمی مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان چهارمحال و بختیاری

چکیده

یکی از مشکلات تولید گندم در جهان کارایی پایین مصرف نیتروژن می­باشد. بنابراین به­منظور بررسی تأثیر بازدارنده نیترات­سازی 3، 4- دی متیل پیرازول فسفات بر کارایی مصرف نیتروژن، آزمایشی به­صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک­های کامل تصادفی با دو عامل نوع کود نیتروژن در چهار سطح (عدم مصرف نیتروژن (شاهد)، اوره، سولفات نیترات آمونیوم و سولفات نیترات آمونیوم با بازدارنده نیترات­سازی 3، 4- دی متیل پیرازول فسفات (DMPP)) و نوع خاک در 10 سطح (خاکها با خصوصیات فیزیکوشیمیایی مختلف) با سه تکرار در دانشگاه شهرکرد بر روی یک رقم گندم بهاره (رقم بهار) در سال 1389 انجام شد. براساس نتایج حاصله، کاربرد بازدارنده نیترات­سازی DMPP تأثیری بر غلظت آمونیوم و نیترات خاکهای مختلف در هر دو نوبت نمونه­برداری 45 و 90 روز پس ­از کشت، احتمالا به دلیل افزایش جذب نیتروژن توسط گندم، نداشت. نتایج نشان داد کاربرد بازدارنده نیترات­سازی DMPP به ­همراه سولفات نیترات آمونیوم، کارایی زراعی و بازیافت نیتروژن اندام هوایی و دانه را در تعدادی از خاکهای مورد مطالعه به­طور معنی‌داری (05/0P≤) در مقایسه با سولفات نیترات آمونیوم و اوره افزایش داد. به طوری که میزان این افزایش در خاک­های مختلف برای کارایی زراعی و بازیافت نیتروژن اندام هوایی به­ترتیب در حدود 4/8 تا 7/27 و 4/13 تا 5/31 درصد نسبت به اوره بود. بر مبنای نتایج حاصله کاربرد بازدارنده نیترات­سازی DMPP می­تواند به­عنوان روشی مناسب برای افزایش کارایی مصرف نیتروژن در گندم محسوب گردد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effects of Nitrogen Source and Nitrification Inhibitor 3, 4- Dimethylpyrazole Phosphate on Nitrogen Use Efficiency of Wheat in Different Soils

نویسندگان [English]

  • Shahram Kiani 1
  • Alireza Hosseinpour 2
  • Ramin Iranpour 3

1 Assistant Professor of Soil Science Department, ShahreKord University, ShahreKord, Iran

2 Professor of Soil Science Department, ShahreKord University, ShahreKord, Iran

3 Scientific Member of Agricultural and Natural Resources Center of Chaharmahal va Bakhtiari, ShahreKord

چکیده [English]

Low nitrogen (N) use efficiency is considered to be one of the major problems in wheat production fields all over the world. This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of nitrification inhibitor (NI) 3, 4- dimethylpyrazole phosphate (DMPP) on the nitrogen use efficiency of spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cv. Bahar during 2011 at ShahreKord University. A factorial experiment in randomized complete block design was carried out with two factors of type of N fertilizer [1- control with no added N fertilizer, 2- urea, 3- ammonium sulphate nitrate (ASN) and 4- ASN plus DMPP] and soil kind (10 soils with different physical and chemical properties) with three replicates. Soil NH4+ and NO3- concentrations in different soils, possibly duo to greater N uptake by the wheat, did not differ significantly among treatments and between sampling in both of 45 and 90 days after cultivation. The results indicated that application of nitrification inhibitor DMPP led to significant increase (P≤0.05) of N agronomic and recovery efficiency of wheat in some of the studied soils compared to ASN and urea. In different soils the agronomic and recovery efficiency of N in wheat above ground increased about 8.4%-27.7% and 13.4%-31.5%, respectively, in the ASN plus DMMP as compared to the urea. The results of this study suggest that the nitrification inhibitor DMPP could improve N use efficiency of wheat. 

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