نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ارومیه

چکیده

مایه­زنی میکروبی، در بهبود رشد و افزایش تحمل گیاهان به تنش­های محیطی و پالایش سبز خاک­های آلوده به فلزات سنگین، موثرند. به منظور بررسی نقش برخی گونه­های قارچ­ریشه­های آربوسکولار (AMF) (ترکیبی از گونه­های GlomusشاملG. mosseae، G. intraradicesوG. fasciculatum)و باکتری­های محرک رشد گیاه (PGPR) (ترکیبی از گونه­های Pseudomonas  شامل برخی سویه­های P. fluorescens ، P.putidaوP. aeruginosa) در پالایش آلودگی کادمیم خاک توسط گیاه خارزن ­بابا (Onopordon acanthium L)، آزمایشی گلخانه ای به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح پایه بلوک­های کامل تصادفی با 3 تکرار اجرا شد. فاکتور اول غلظت کادمیم در چهار سطح شامل صفر، 10، 30 و 100 میلی گرم کادمیم بر کیلوگرم و فاکتور دوم تیمار میکروبی در سه سطح شامل AMF، PGPR و شاهد بودند. یک نمونه خاک با نمک نیترات کادمیم به­طور یکنواخت برای ایجاد غلظت­های مختلف کادمیم (صفر، 10، 30 و 100 میلی گرم کادمیم بر کیلوگرم) آلوده شد. خاک آلوده شده استریل و سپس با AMF و PGPR مایه­زنی شد. نتایج نشان داد که با افزایش غلظت کادمیم در خاک، درصد کلنیزاسیون، فراوانی باکتری­های ریزوسفری، عملکرد و عملکرد نسبی شاخساره­ به طور معنی­داری (05/0P≤) کاهش یافت، اما مقدار پرولین، غلظت کادمیم در شاخساره به­طور معنی­داری (05/0P≤) افزایش یافت. میانگین کادمیم استخراج شده در تیمارهای PGPR و  AMF به­ترتیب 1/3 و 6/2 برابر بیش از تیمارهای شاهد بود. از نتایج بدست آمده در این آزمایش می­توان نتیجه گیری کرد که مایه زنی با AMF و PGPR می‌تواند روشی نوید بخش برای افزایش توان گیاه خارزن­بابا در استخراج کادمیم از خاک­های آلوده باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Role of Soil Microbes in Phytoremediation of Cadmium Contaminated Soils by onopordon (Onopordon acanthium L.)

نویسنده [English]

  • Mohsen Barin

Department of Soil Science, Urmia University, Iran

چکیده [English]

Microbial inoculation improves plants growth and increases their tolerance to environmental stresses and induces phytoremediation of heavy metals contaminated soils. In order to evaluate the role of some strains of AMF (a mixture of Glomus speciesincluding G. intraradices, G. mosseae and G. fasciculatum) and PGPR (a mixture of Pseudomonas speciesincludeing P. putida, P. fluorescens, and P. aeruginosa) in reclamation of cadmium (Cd) contaminated soils by Onopordon (Onopordon acanthium L) a factorial experiment based on a randomized complete block design and in three replications was carried out in greenhouse condition. The first factor was Cd concentration in four levels including 0, 10, 30 and 100 mg kg-1 and the second factor was microbial treatment in three levels including non-inoculation, and AMF or PGPR inoculation. A soil sample was spiked uniformly with Cd nitrate salt to create different Cd concentrations. The contaminated soils were then sterilized and subsequently inoculated with AMF and PGPR. Results showed that with increasing soil Cd concentration, colonization percent, and abundance of rhizobacteria, shoot biomass and shoot relative biomass significantlydecreased, while proline content and the shoot Cd concentration significantly increased (P ≤ 0.05). Mean Cd extracted in AMF and PGPR treatments were respectively 3.1 and 2.6 order of magnitude higher compared to the corresponding blank treatments. Therefore, it could be concluded that inoculation with species of AMF and PGPR can be a promising technique for enhancing the potential of onopordon plant in extraction of Cd from contaminated soils.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Phytoextraction
  • Growth promoting rhizobacteria
  • Heavy metals
  • Mycorrhiza
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