تأثیر سویه‌های مختلف Azotobacter chroococcum بر صفات مرفوفیزیولوژیک و اجزای عملکرد کلزا (Brassica napus L.)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد زراعت دانشگاه گیلان

2 عضو هیئت علمی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه گیلان

3 کارشناس ارشد موسسه تحقیقات برنج کشور،

4 باشگاه پژوهشگران جوان و نخبگان، واحد اهواز،دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اهواز، ایران

چکیده

به منظور بررسی اثر سویه­های مختلف Azotobacter chroococcum بر صفات مرفوفیزیولوژیک، عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد کلزای پاییزه(Brassica napus L.) ، آزمایشی به صورت طرح بلوک کامل تصادفی با 3 تکرار انجام شد. تیمارهای مورد استفاده شامل تلقیح بذری انواع سویه­های ازتوباکتر (سویه های 6، 9، 11، 12، 13، 14، 15، 16، 19، 21، 23، 25، 28، 35 و 38) و کاربرد کودهای شیمیایی (کاربرد کود اوره به طور کامل) و شرایط بدون تلقیح بذر (تیمار شاهد) بودند. نتایج نشان داد که ازتوباکتر بر تمامی صفات به جز ارتفاع گیاه، وزن هزار دانه، قطر ساقه و تعداد شاخه فرعی اثر معنی­داری داشت. تیمار تلقیح با سویه 35 ازتوباکتر بیشترین فاصله اولین شاخه فرعی خورجین­دار تا زمین را دارا بود، درحالی که سویه 14 ازتوباکتر بیشترین طول خورجین، وزن خشک و تعداد دانه در خورجین را به خود اختصاص داد. ازتوباکتر سویه 12 نیز بیشترین قطر ساقه، سطح برگ، وزن خشک و عملکرد دانه و اجزای عملکرد را ایجاد کرد. به طور کلی سویه­های 12، 14 و 9 ازتوباکتر نسبت به سایر سویه­ها اثر مثبت بیشتری بر صفات مورد بررسی نشان دادند. نتایج این آزمایش نشان داد که استفاده از ازتوباکتر کروکوکوم باعث افزایش صفات کمی و کیفی کلزا نسبت به کاربرد کود اوره کامل می­شود و ضمن صرفه جوئی در مصرف کود و کاهش تخریب محیط زیست می­توان از آن به عنوان مکمل کود شیمیائی اوره استفاده کرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of different strains of Azotobacter chroococcum on morphophysiologic traits and yield components of rapeseed (Brassica napus L)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mona Sorouri 1
  • Seyed Mohammad Raza Ehteshami 2
  • Mohammad Rabiei 3
  • Mahdi Ramezani 4
1
2
3
4
چکیده [English]

In order to evaluate the effect of Azotobacter chroococcum different strains on morphophysiologic characteristics, seed yield and yield components of fall rapeseed (Brassica napus L.), an experiment was conducted in Rasht. The experimental design was completely randomized block, with three replication. Investigated treatments were including seed inoculation with Azotobacter different strains (6, 9, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 19, 21, 23, 25, 28, 35 and 38) and chemical fertilizer application (full Urea fertilizer application) and without seed inoculation conditions (control). Results showed that Azotobacter strains significantly affected on all traits except plant height, weight of 1000 seeds, stem diameter and number of secondary branches. The most distance of the first secondary branch until ground obtained by A. chroococcum strain 35, as A. chroococcum strain 14 caused the highest of silique length, dry weight, seed yield and number of seeds per silique. The most leaf erea, dry weight, seed yield and yield components caused by A. chroococcum strain 12. Generally, A. chroococcum strain 12, A. chroococcum strain 14 and A. chroococcum strain 9 had the more positive effect on traits compared with other strains. Results of this experiment showed the use of A. chroococcum increase quantitative and qualitative characteristics of canola in relation to full Urea fertilizer application and the savings in fertilizer consumption and reduce environmental degradation, therefore can be used as supplementary of chemical fertilizer.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Azotobacter
  • Inoculation
  • Rapeseed
  • Yield
  • Yield components

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 21 اردیبهشت 1394
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 15 شهریور 1395
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 15 اسفند 1394

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