نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه ارومیه

2 استاد گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه ارومیه

3 استادیارگروه علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه ارومیه

چکیده

تخلخل تهویه­ای (AFP) به­عنوان یکی از ویژگی­های مهم فیزیکی خاک می­تواند قابلیت­استفاده، جذب آب، اکسیژن و عناصر غذایی را تحت تأثیر قرار دهد. تخلخل تهویه­ای کم ناشی از زیادی آب در خاک، می­تواند با محدود کردن دسترسی گیاه به اکسیژن و عناصر غذایی خاک اثرات منفی شدیدی بر تولید محصولات کشاورزی ایجاد کند. به­منظور بررسی بر هم­کنش سطوح مختلف تخلخل تهویه­ای و ترکیبات کودی نیتروژن و فسفر بر قابلیت­دسترسی نیتروژن، فسفر و پتاسیم، آزمایشی گلخانه­ای به­صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح پایه کاملا تصادفی با دو فاکتور، شامل درصد تخلخل تهویه­ای (0، 4, 8، 12، 16،20 و 24 درصد) و دو سطح کودی (شاهد و سطح بهینه) از منبع کودی اوره و منوکلسیم فسفات با سه تکرار طراحی و اجرا شد. نتایج نشان داد که قابلیت­دسترسی عناصر غذایی به­طور معنی­داری (001/0P)،تحت تأثیر مقدار رطوبت و سطح اکسیژن در خاک بوده است. بیشترین غلظت فسفر قابل­جذب در سطح صفر درصد از تخلخل تهویه­ای و کمترین مقدار آن در سطح 24 درصد تخلخل تهویه­ای مشاهده شد. غلظت یون نیترات در سطوح 12 تا 20 درصد از تخلخل تهویه­ای افزایش معنی­داری در سطح 1/0 درصد داشت. پتاسیم با وجود افزایش در سطوح تخلخل تهویه­ای 12 تا 20 درصد اختلاف قابل­ملاحظه­ای به­لحاظ مقایسه میانگین با سطوح صفر، 4، 8 و 24 درصد نداشت.انکوباسیون خاک در سطوح مختلف تخلخل تهویه­ای ناشی از رطوبت، طی زمان سبب شد غلظت عناصر پرمصرف (N,P,K) با گذشت زمان کاهش یابد.نتایج کلی این آزمایش نشان داد سطوح 12 تا 20 درصد، محدوده مناسبی از تخلخل تهویه­ای برای
قابلیت­دسترسی عناصر غذایی پرمصرف (
N,P,K) است و همچنین مصرف توأم نیتروژن و فسفر از طریق بهبود حاصلخیزی خاک می­تواند تا اندازه­ای اثرات منفی ناشی از زیادی آب در خاک و کمبود اکسیژن را تا حدی جبران نماید.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The study of interaction air filled porosity and the use of urea and mono calcium phosphate on the availability of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in incubation period

نویسندگان [English]

  • Nooshin Soltanalinezhad 1
  • Abbas Samadi 2
  • Hossein Asgarzadeh 3
  • Behnam Dovlati 3

چکیده [English]

Air filled porosity as one of the most important properties of the soil, can influence the availability of water, oxygen, and other nutrient elements. In order to investigate the interactions between air filled porosity levels and urea and phosphorus fertilizers it was done on availability of macro elements (N-NO3, P, K). A factorial experiment was carried out based on the randomized completely design with two factors including air filled porosity at seven levels (0, 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24%), and fertilizer at two levels (control and optimum level) from mono calcium phosphates and urea sources in the incubation period in three times (40, 80, 120 days) at three replications. Some of the chemical characteristics of treated soils such as pH, concentration of bicarbonate (HCO-3) and nitrate ions, and available phosphorus and potassium at different levels of air filled porosity were measured. Results showed that the correlation between pH, nitrate, bicarbonate, phosphorus and potassium with air filled porosity changes was significant. Increasing the incubation time was caused to reduce the amount of availability nitrate, phosphorus and potassium soil. Also with decreasing air filled porosity levels pH, HCO-concentration and availability of phosphorus were increased. The concentration of nitrate ions under the influence of temperature, pH, moisture and oxygen in different of the air porosity levels (12, 16 and 20%) showed a significant increase. So the air filled porosity of 12, 16 and 20 percent were determined the optimal range for the concentration of nitrate, phosphorus and potassium available

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Air filled porosity
  • Soil moisture
  • Availability of nitrogen
  • Phosphorus and Potassium content
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