تأثیر ورمی‌واش بر رشد اسفناج و غلظت کادمیم و عناصر کم مصرف توسط آن در یک خاک لومی آلوده شده به کادمیم

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 مربی گروه علوم خاک دانشگاه زابل (مکاتبه کننده)

2 استاد گروه علوم خاک دانشگاه شیراز

چکیده

بررسی غلظت عناصر سنگین به­‌ویژه کادمیم در سیستم خاک، آب و گیاه به دلیل تأثیر کادمیم بر زنجیره­ی غذایی اهمیت زیادی دارد. به مواد مترشحه از بدن کرم خاکی ورمی­واش می­گویند که منبع غنی از ویتامین­ها، هورمون­ها، آنزیم­­ها، عناصر پرمصرف و کم­مصرف می­باشد و به رشد موثر گیاهان کمک می­کند. این پژوهش با هدف بررسی اثر ورمی­واش بر­رشد گیاه اسفناج (Spinacea oleracea) و غلظت کادمیم و عناصر کم­مصرف توسط آن در یک خاک آلوده شده به کادمیمانجامگرفت.این آزمایش به صورت فاکتوریل و در قالب طرح آماری کاملا تصادفی و با دو فاکتور که شامل ورمی­واش در 4 سطح (0، 25، 50 و 100 میلی­لیتر در کیلوگرم خاک) و کادمیم در 4 سطح (5، 10، 20 و 40 میلی­گرم در کیلوگرم خاک) و با سه تکرار و در مدت 8 هفته در گلخانه دانشگاه شیراز اجرا گردید. نتایج نشان داد ورمی­واش نقش موثری در بهبود رشد و عملکرد اسفناج دارد و کمترین وزن تر(6/33 گرم) و خشک(91/3 گرم) اسفناج در سطح شاهد (بدون مصرف ورمی­واش) و 40 میلی­گرم در کیلوگرم کادمیم و بیشترین آن در50 میلی­لیتر در کیلوگرم ورمی­واش و 5 میلی­گرم در کیلوگرم کادمیم بدست آمد. غلظت و جذب آهن، روی و مس با افزایش ورمی­واش در تمامی غلظت­های کادمیم افزایش نشان داد. همچنین بیشترین میزان ماده آلی خاک در سطح 100 میلی­لیتر ورمی­واش بدست آمد که نسبت به سطح شاهد اختلاف معنی­داری نشان داد. اثر اصلی ورمی­واش بر غلظت منگنز در گیاه معنی‌دار نگردید.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of Vermiwash on Growth, Cadmium and Microelements Concentration of Spinach in a Loamy Cadmium Contaminated Soil

نویسندگان [English]

  • Maryam Ghorbani 1
  • Najaf Ali Karimian 2
1
2
چکیده [English]

Because of the effect of heavy elements on food chain, monitoring the concentration of these elements, especially cadmium (Cd) in soil, water and plant system is vital. Vermiwash is materials which excreted from the earthworm body and is rich in vitamins, hormones, enzymes, macro- and micronutrients which can help plants to efficient growth. To study the effects of vermiwash on growth and concentration of Cd and micro elements in a Cd contaminated soil by Spinach (Spinach oleracea) an experiment was conducted for 8 weeks. The experiment was on basis factorial randomized complete design and with 2 factor that including vermiwash in four level (0, 25, 50, 100 ml kg-1 soil) and cadmium in four level (5, 10, 20, 40 mg kg-1 soil) which had been done in greenhouse of Zabol University. Results showed that vermiwash has an effective role in improving growth and yield of spinach, and minimum and maximum spinach fresh (33.6 g) and  dry (3.91g) weight obtained in control (without vermiwash) and 40 mg kg-1 Cd and 50 g kg-1 vermiwash and 5 mg kg-1 Cd, respectively. Concentration of Fe, Zn and Cu as well as total uptake were increased with increasing vermiwash in all Cd concentrations. Also maximum organic matter in soil was obtained in 100 ml kg-1 level vermiwash which showed significant differences with control. The finding of this research also shows that vermiwash has not significant effect on Mn and Cd Concentrations.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • micro elements
  • vermiwash
  • Yield
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