مقایسه چند عصاره‌گیر برای استخراج پتاسیم قابل جذب برنج در برخی از خاک‌های استان کهگیلویه و بویر احمد

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 هیئت علمی گروه علوم خاک دانشگاه یاسوج

2 دانش آموخته ارشد دانشگاه یاسوج

3 دانشگاه یاسوج

4 دانشکده کشاورزی داراب

چکیده

پتاسیم و نیتروژن دو عنصر غذایی بوده که بیشترین نقش را در افزایش کمی و کیفی برنج ایفا می‌نماید. این عنصر نیز همانند نیتروژن به مقدار زیادی، توسط گیاه برنج جذب می‌شود. ارزیابی وضعیت عناصر غذایی در خاک از نقطه نظر تغذیه‌ای، زیست‌محیطی و اقتصادی حائز اهمیت است. این تحقیق با هدف مقایسه 11 عصاره گیر مختلف به منظور تعیین عصاره‌گیرهای مناسب جهت برآورد پتاسیم قابل جذب برنج در 11 نمونه خاک انتخابی (از مجموع 40 خاک) استان کهگیلویه و بویر احمد انجام شد. بذرهای برنج در سه تکرار در گلدان‌های یک و نیم کیلوگرمی به مدت 10 هفته کشت و سپس برداشت شدند. میزان پتاسیم گیاه برنج به کمک اسیدکلریک 1 نرمال عصاره‏گیری شد. پتاسیم قابل جذب خاک به وسیله عصاره‌گیرهای استات آمونیوم 1 مولار، کلرید سدیم 1 و 2 مولار، اسید سولفوریک 025/0 مولار، کلرید باریم 1/0 مولار، کلرید کلسیم 01/0 مولار، مورگان-ولف، AB-DTPA، استات سدیم 1 نرمال، استات منیزیم 1 مولار و اسیدکلریدریک 2‌ مولار اندازهگیری شد. بررسی نتایج ضرایب همبستگی عصاره‌گیرهای مختلف با میزان جذب پتاسیم توسط اندام‌ هوایی گیاه برنج حاکی از آن بود که بیشترین همبستگی با جذب گیاهی مربوط به عصاره‏گیر استات سدیم و استات آمونیوم بوده (r به ترتیب 85/0 و 73/0) و پس از آن‌ها عصاره‌گیرهای مورگان و سدیم کلرید 2 مولار قرار دارند. کمترین مقدار همبستگی مربوط به عصاره‏گیر کلرید کلسیم بوده‏ است. بنابراین عصاره‌گیرهای استات سدیم و استات آمونیوم به ترتیب با توجه به سادگی و اقتصادی بودن، سرعت عصاره گیری و بالا بودن ضریب همبستگی با جذب توسط برنج جهت تعیین پتاسیم قابل دسترس در خاک‌های مورد نظر توصیه می‌گردند.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Comparison of some extractants for extracting available potassium for rice in some soils of Kohgiluyeh Province

نویسنده [English]

  • Hamidreza Owliaie 1
1
2
3
4
چکیده [English]

Potassium and nitrogen are two major nutrients, have important role in increasing rice quantity and quality. Potassium like nitrogen is taken up in large amount by rice. Evaluation of nutrient status in soil is important from nutritional, environmental and economical aspects. This study was conducted in order to evaluate 11 different chemical extractants for determining suitable extractants for estimation of available potassium of rice in 11 selected soils of Kohgiluyeh Province. Rice seeds were cultivated in 1.5 kg pots in three replications and harvested after 10 weeks. Plant potassium was extracted with 1N HCl. Soil available potassium was extracted using 1M NH4OAC, 1 and 2M sodium chloride, 0.025 M sulfuric acid, 0.1M barium chloride, 0.01M calcium chloride, Morgan-Wolf, AB-DTPA, 1N NaOAC, 1M magnesium acetate and 2M Hydrochloric acid. The amount of K extracted by 1N NaOAC and 1N NH4OAC, was significantly (r=0.85** and 0.73**, respectively) correlated with K concentration, followed by Morgan and 2N NaCl. The lowest correlation is belonged to 1N HCl. Therefore, due to the simplicity and economy, the rate of extraction and the high correlation, extractants of 1N NaOAC and 1N NH4OAC are recommended as suitable extractants for determining the available K uptake by rice in the soil studied.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Rice
  • Soil
  • available potassium
  • extractant
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