بررسی سرعت رهاسازی پتاسیم غیر تبادلی توسط کلرید کلسیم در ارتباط با برخی ویژگی‌های خاک‌های استان کهگیلویه و بویراحمد

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 هیئت علمی گروه علوم خاک دانشگاه یاسوج

2 دانشگاه یاسوج

3 دانشگاه شیراز

چکیده

تکامل خاک، نوع و مقدار کانی‌های رسی از عوامل موثر بر سینتیک رهاسازی پتاسیم در خاک می‌باشند. سرعت رهاسازی پتاسیم غیرتبادلی نقش مهمی در عرضه پتاسیم تبادلی برای گیاهان، به خصوص در خاک‏های محتوی کانی‏های پتاسیم‏دار از جمله میکا و فلدسپار ایفا می‏کند. در این مطالعه، سینتیک رهاسازی پتاسیم توسط عصاره‌گیری متوالی با کلرید کلسیم 01/0 مولار، در 14 نمونه خاک سطحی (صفر تا 30 سانتی‌متر) مناطق مختلف اقلیمی استان کهگیلویه و بویراحمد، جنوب غرب ایران، بررسی گردید. نتایج کانی‏شناسی نشان داد که اسمکتیت، ایلیت، کلریت و پالیگورسکیت کانی‏های غالب خاک-های این استان می‌باشند. میزان رهاسازی پتاسیم در پایان آزمایش (656 ساعت) در دامنه 1/38 میلی‏گرم بر کیلوگرم درخاک Typic Xerorthents تا 320 میلی‏گرم بر کیلوگرم در خاک Calcic Haploxeralfs خاک متغیر بود. این پژوهش نشان داد که میزان رها سازی پتاسیم، همبستگی بالایی با ویژگی‌هایی چون مقدار رس، پتاسیم غیرتبادلی، ظرفیت تبادل‏کاتیونی و همچنین مقدار کانی‏های ایلیت و اسمکتیت دارد. به طور کلی رهاسازی پتاسیم از خاک‌ها بر اساس تیپ آن‌ها روند آلفی‌سولز (3/222) > اینسپتی‌سولز (3/111) > انتی‌سولز (0/105 میلی‏گرم بر کیلوگرم) را نشان داد. داد‌ه‌های حاصل از مطالعات سینتیکی با مدل‌های سینتیکی مختلف برازش داده شد که معادلات تابع توان، مرتبه اول و الوویچ، رها شدن پتاسیم از خاک‌های منطقه را به نحو قابل قبولی توصیف نمودند. انطباق داده‌های سینتیکی با این معادلات نشان می‌دهد که رهاسازی پتاسیم غیرتبادلی از خاک‌های منطقه به طور عمده توسط فرآیند پخشیدگی کنترل می‌شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Release Kinetics of Non-exchangeable Potassium using CaCl2 in Relation to some Properties of Soils of Kohgilouye Province

نویسنده [English]

  • Hamidreza Owliaie 1
1
2
3
چکیده [English]

Degree of soil evolution, type and amount of clay minerals are among the factors affecting potassium release from the soils. The release rate of non-exchangeable K (NEK) plays a significant role in supplying K for plants; particularly in soils that they are rich in K bearing minerals such as mica and feldespar. Kinetics of K+ release was studied by extraction with 0.01 M CaCl2 in 14 surface soils of different climatic regions of Kohgilouye and Boyerahmad Province, southwestern Iran. Mineralogical analyses revealed that smectite, illite, chlorite and palygroskite are major clay minerals of the soils studied. The release rate of NEK at the end of extraction (656h) was in the range of 38.1 (Typic Xerorthents) to 320 mgkg-1 (Calcic Haploxeralfs). In addition, the release rate of K showed higher correlation with the properties such as clay content, non-exchangeable K , CEC as well as illite and smectite contents. The amount of K release was in the sequence: Alfisols (222.3 mgkg-1) > Inceptisols (111.3 mgkg-1) > Entisols (105.0 mgkg-1). Power function, first order and parabulic diffusion equations could reasonably describe the K release kinetics. Fit of the data to these equations indicated that release of K is controlled mainly by diffusion process.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • CaCl2
  • Clay minerals
  • K release
  • Kinetics
  • Soil evolution
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