ارزیابی وضعیت تغذیه ای هندوانه با روش انحراف از درصد بهینه (DOP) در منطقه پلدشت استان آذربایجان غربی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

دانشگاه ارومیه

چکیده

روش انحراف از درصد بهینه (DOP) یکی از روش‌های مهم در تفسیر نتایج تجزیه گیاه و نیاز‌های غذایی در محصولات زراعی و باغی می باشد.. به منظور ارزیابی وضعیت تغذیه‌ای و تعیین اعداد مرجع در هندوانه به روش انحراف از درصد بهینه، نمونه-های برگ از 150 مزرعه هندوانه در استان آذربایجان غربی جمع آوری و غلظت‌های عناصر غذایی (B, Cu, Mn, Zn, Fe, Mg, Ca, K, P, N) تعیین شدند. بر اساس روش شارما، مزارع به دو گروه عملکرد بالا (تن در هکتار 5/40 ≤ ) که شامل 77% از مزارع و عملکرد پایین (تن در هکتار 5/40 ≥) شامل 23% از مزارع تقسیم بندی شدند و نرم‌های DOP به روش استاندارد DOP محاسبه شدند. غلظت مطلوب در برگ برای عناصر نیتروژن، فسفر، پتاسیم، کلسیم، منیزیم به ترتیب 8/2 ، 25/0 ،4/2 ، 85/1 ، 47/0 درصد و برای عناصر آهن، منگنز، روی، مس، بور به ترتیب 106، 83 ،45 ،15 ، 27 میلی گرم بر کیلوگرم بدست آمد. نتایج نشان داد در بین عناصر پرمصرف نیتروژن و پتاسیم به ترتیب در 95% و 93% مزارع دارای شاخص منفی و در بین عناصر کم مصرف روی و آهن با 84% و 72% بیشترین شاخص منفی را داشتند. ترتیب نیاز غذایی بر اساس شاخص انحراف از درصد بهینه در مزارع هندوانه مطالعه شده برای عناصرکم مصرف به ترتیب N>K>P>Ca>Mg و برای عناصر کم مصرف بصورت Zn>Fe>B>Cu>Mn بدست آمد. شاخص تعادل غذایی (NBI) محاسبه شده برای مزارع، نشان دهنده نداشتن تعادل نسبی بین عناصر غذایی جذب شده بوسیله هندوانه می‌باشد و بیانگر نداشتن مدیریت صحیح و کوددهی نامتعادل در این مزارع می‌باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation nutritional status of watermelon with deviation from optimum percentage (DOP) method in Poldasht, West Azerbaijan

چکیده [English]

Abstract
Deviation from optimum percentage (DOP) can be used as an efficient method to interpret the results of plant analysis and the nutritional requirements of agricultural and horticultural crops. To determine the DOP norms and evaluation nutritional status of watermelon, leaf samples were collected from 150 fields of watermelon in west Azerbaijan; and N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu and B were determined. The fields were divided into high-yielding (23% of fields, ≥ 40.5 ton ha-1) and low-yielding (77% of fields; < 40.5 ton ha-1) subgroup and DOP norms were calculated using standard DOP procedure. The optimum concentration of nutrients in leaves of watermelon were obtained as follows: for nitrogen (%2.8), phosphorus (%0.25), potassium (%2.4), calcium (%1) and magnesium %0.47) , iron (106 mg/kg) manganese (83 mg/kg ), zinc (45 mg/kg ), copper (15 mg/kg ) and boron (30 mg/kg ) Among macronutrients, nitrogen and potassium had highest negative indices in 95% and 93% of the studied fields, respectively and among micronutrients, zinc and iron were in 84% and 72% as well. Based on DOP indices, the order of plant nutrients requirement were determined as N> K> Mg> P> Ca for macronutrients and as Zn> Fe> B> Cu> Mn for micronutrients. Plants have high nutritional balance index (NBI) indicating relatively imbalance of absorbed nutrients by watermelon and imbalance fertilizer application in the studied fields.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Watermelon"
  • "Deviation from optimum percentage"
  • " Nutrition balance"
  • " Plant analysis"
  • "
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