نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 پیدایش و رده بندی خاک، پدومتری

2 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ولی عصر رفسنجان

3 استاد گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ولی عصر رفسنجان، رفسنجان، ایران

4 استادیار، گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ولی عصر رفسنجان، رفسنجان، ایران

چکیده

پایداری خاکدانه­ها به‌عنوان یکی از کلیدی­ترین شاخص­های کیفیت فیزیکی خاک، بیان‌گر قدرت نسبی خاک در برابر نیروهای فرساینده و تخریب مکانیکی است. در این پژوهش، به‌منظور شناسایی یک زیرمجموعه از مهم‌ترین ویژگی‌های مؤثر بر شاخص میانگین وزنی قطر خاکدانه‌ها (MWD)، از الگوریتم ترکیبی ژنتیک-شبکه عصبی مصنوعی (GA-ANN) استفاده گردید. افزون بر آن، قابلیت شبکه­های عصبی مصنوعی (ANNs) و رگرسیون چند متغیره خطی (MLR) برای کمی‌سازی رابطه بین شاخص MWD و ویژگی‌های خاک مؤثر بر آن، ارزیابی شد. پس از فرآیند مدل‌سازی، اهمیت هر یک از ویژگی‌های انتخاب شده در ارتباط با تغییرات مکانی پایداری خاکدانه‌ها بررسی گردید. به‌منظور دست­یابی به یک مجموعه داده مناسب، شاخص MWD و تعدادی از ویژگی‌های خاک در نمونه‌های خاک‌ جمع‌آوری شده از 90 نقطه مشاهداتی اندازه‌گیری شدند. نتایج حاصل از انتخاب ویژگی نشان داد که شش ویژگی‌ خاک شامل رس، شن، ماده آلی، کربنات کلسیم معادل، قابلیت هدایت الکتریکی و نسبت جذب سدیم، بیش‌ترین تأثیر را بر روی شاخص MWD خاک‌های مورد مطالعه داشتند. با توجه به نتایج به‌دست آمده از برآورد شاخص MWD، مقادیر محاسبه­شده ضریب تبیین (R2)، میانگین درصد خطای مطلق (MAEP) و مجذور میانگین مربعات خطا (RMSE) برای عملکرد شبکه عصبی مصنوعی، به‌ترتیب برابر با 94/0، 39/21 و 075/0 درصد بودند. این نتایج بیان‌گر آن بود که مدل ANN توسعه داده شده به­خوبی توانسته است روابط پیچیده و غیرخطی بین شاخصMWD  و ویژگی‌های خاک انتخاب­شده توسط الگوریتم GA-ANN را پیش‌بینی و کمی‌سازی کند. بر اساس نتایج به‌دست آمده از تحلیل حساسیت، کربنات کلسیم معادل، ذرات شن و ماده آلی به‌عنوان فاکتورهای کلیدی برای تخمین پایداری خاکدانه‌ها معرفی شدند. به‌طور کلی، این پژوهش یک چارچوب قوی برای تخمین پایداری خاکدانه‌ها و شناسایی مهم‌ترین ویژگی‌های مؤثر بر آن در خاک‌های مناطق خشک و نیمه‌خشک فراهم می‌کند که می‌تواند برای سایر مناطق با چالش‌های مشابه، مورد استفاده قرار گیرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Determining the Features Influencing the Structural Stability of Soils of Arid Regions Using a Hybrid GA-ANN Algorithm

نویسندگان [English]

  • Iraj Kouchami-Sardoo 2
  • Hossein Shirani 3
  • Ali Asghar Besalatpour 4

2 PhD Student of Soil Science, Department of Soil Science, College of Agriculture, Vali-e-Asr University of Rafsanjan, Rafsanjan, Iran

3 Professor of Soil Science, Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Vali-e-Asr University of Rafsanjan, Rafsanjan, Iran

4 Assistant prof. of Soil Science, Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Vali-e-Asr University of Rafsanjan, Rafsanjan, Iran

چکیده [English]

Aggregate stability of soils informs about their relative strengths against erosive forces and mechanical disruption. In this research, a hybrid Genetic Algorithm-Artificial Neural Network method was used to select the best subset of features affecting the mean weight diameter (MWD. In addition, the ability of ANNs and multiple linear regression (MLR) for quantifying the relationship between the MWD index and some soil properties was assessed. After the modeling process, the importance of the selected features in relation to spatial variability of aggregate stability was investigated. In order to prepare a suitable data set; MWD index and some soil features were measured in collected soils from 90 sampling points. Feature selection results showed that six soil features including clay, sand, organic matter, calcium carbonate, electrical conductivity, and sodium adsorption ratio had the greatest effect on the aggregates stability of the studied soils. According to the MWD modeling results, the obtained values of coefficient of determination (R2), mean absolute error percentage (MAEP), and root mean square error (RMSE) for the ANN model performance were 0.94, 21.39, and 0.07% respectively. These findings indicated that the developed ANN model was able to predict the complex and nonlinear relationships between the MWD index and the soil properties selected by the algorithm. Based on the sensitivity analysis results, calcium carbonate equivalent, sand particles, and organic matter were identified as key factors in estimating aggregate stability. Overall, this study provides a robust framework for the prediction of aggregate stability and identifying the most determinant parameters influencing it in arid and semi-arid soils that could be applied to other regions with similar challenges.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Optimization
  • mean weight diameter
  • multiple linear regression
  • sensitivity analysis
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