ارزیابی وضعیت عناصر غذایی پرمصرف (NPK) و برخی ویژگی‌های شیمیایی در تعدادی از خاک‌های زراعی منطقه ایوریق اردبیل

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 شیمی و حاصلخیزی

2 دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد، گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران

3 دانشیار، گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران

10.30466/asr.2025.55487.1852

چکیده

ارزیابی وضعیت حاصلخیزی خاک به ویژه از نظر عناصر غذایی پرمصرف نیتروژن، فسفر و پتاسیم و ویژگی­های شیمیایی خاک نقش بسیار مهمی در مدیریت مصرف کود و در نتیجه تولید محصول با کمیت و کیفیت بالا، حفظ محیط‌زیست و کشاورزی پایدار دارد. این پژوهش، با هدف ارزیابی وضعیت عرضه عناصر غذایی پرمصرف (NPK) و خصوصیات شیمیایی و تهیه نقشه پراکنش آن­ها در خاک‌های منطقه ایوریق اردبیل انجام شد. به این منظور، تعداد 100 نمونه خاک از زمین‌های کشاورزی روستای ایوریق به صورت تصادفی از عمق cm30-0 تهیه و مختصات جغرافیایی نمونه‌ها با GPS ثبت گردید. پس از هوا خشک و عبور دادن از الک، ویژگی­های شیمیایی مهم خاک مانند pH و هدایت الکتریکی در عصاره 1:5 آّب مقطر به خاک، فسفر و کاتیون‌های قابل استفاده گیاه و کربن آلی اندازه‌گیری و میزان نیتروژن کل از روی کربن آلی محاسبه گردید. نتایج نشان داد که میزان کربن آلی و فسفر قابل استفاده گیاه به ترتیب در 76 و 71 درصد از خاک‌ها کمتر از 1 درصد و 15 میلی‌گرم در کیلوگرم بود. این امر نشان می‌دهد که از نظر کربن­ آلی و فسفر قابل استفاده گیاه، خاک‌های منطقه وضعیت مطلوبی ندارد. میزان هدایت الکتریکی زیر dS m-1 4 بوده و  pHخاک نیز محدودیتی ایجاد نمی‌کند. میزان سدیم، کلسیم، منیزیم و پتاسیم قابل استفاده گیاه در محدوده حد بهینه قرار داشتند اما نسبت سدیم به پتاسیم قابل استفاده گیاه 82/0 است که نزدیک 1 می‌باشد. میزان نیتروژن در 72 درصد نمونه­ها در وضعیت بسیار پایین و در 28 درصد نیز در وضعیت پایین قرار داشت. با توجه به اطلاعات به دست آمده و نظر به کمبود مواد آلی و عناصر فسفر و نیتروژن در اکثریت خاک­های منطقه،­ پیشنهاد می­شود کودهای آلی و شیمیایی حاوی نیتروژن و فسفر بر اساس آزمون خاک برای رفع کمبود و تولید پایدار مصرف شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of the Supply Status of NPK and some Chemical Properties in a Number of Agricultural Soils in the Ivriq Region of Ardabil

نویسندگان [English]

  • Esmaiel Goli Kalanpa 1
  • Morteza Khanzadeh 2
  • Hosein Shahab 3
  • Mahnaz Alizadeh 2
1 Soil Science and Engineering Department, University of Mohagege Ardabili, Ardabil. Iran
2 (M. Sc.), In Soil Fertility Management and Biotechnology, Department of Soil Science and Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
3 3Associate Professor, Department of Soil Science and Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
چکیده [English]

Evaluation of soil fertility status and chemical characteristics plays a significant role in fertilizer application management, impacting the quality and quantity of products, preserving the environment and sustaining agricultural production. The objectives of this research were to evaluating the NPK status and chemical characteristics of soils in the Ivriq region of Ardabil and to prepare their zoning maps. Therefore, 100 soil samples (0-30 cm depth) were randomly collected from agricultural lands, and their geographic coordinates were recorded using GPS. After air drying and passing through sieve, important soil chemical properties such as organic carbon (Walkly & Black) and pH and electrical conductivity were measured in 1:5 soil-to-water extract. Plant available cations and phosphorus were measured using 1 N ammonium acetate and the Olsen method, respectively. Soil total nitrogen content was calculated from organic carbon data. The results showed that organic carbon and plant available phosphorus were less than 1% and 15 mg kg-1 in 76 and 71% of samples, respectively. This suggests that Ivrig soils are suffering from organic carbon and plant available phosphorus deficiency. The electrical conductivity was lower than four dS m-1 and there was no restriction in case of soil pH. The amount of plant available sodium, calcium, magnesium and potassium were within the optimal range but the ratio of sodium to potassium was 0.82, close to 1. Furthermore, the total nitrogen content in 72 % and 28 % of soils was classified as very low and low state, respectively. Based on these finding and owing to organic carbon, N and P deficiency in most parts of the region, the application of organic and chemical fertilizers containing N and P is recommended according to soil testing data for ameliorating deficiencies and sustaining production.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • macronutrient supply status
  • soil chemical properties
  • soil fertility evaluation
  • spatial zoning map
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